iErosion-Corrosion Characterisation for Pipeline Materials Using Combined Acoustic Emission and Electrochemical MonitoringbyJonathan Item UkpaiSubmitt Thesis 200564637 finalted in accordance with the requirements for the degree ofDoctor of PhilosophyThe University of LeedsSchool of Mechanical Engineering41821The candidate confirms that the work submitted is his own, except v.'here work which has formed part of jointly authored publications has been included. The contri Thesis 200564637 finalbution of the candidate and the other authors to this work has been explicitly indicated below. The candidate confirms that appropriate credit has bee
Thesis 200564637 final
n given within the thesis wherereference has been made to the work of others.iThe publications related to this work are as follows:1.Ukpai J.I.; BarkeiErosion-Corrosion Characterisation for Pipeline Materials Using Combined Acoustic Emission and Electrochemical MonitoringbyJonathan Item UkpaiSubmitt Thesis 200564637 final.Ukpai J.I.; Barker R.; Hu X.; Neville A.: Determination of particle impacts and impact energy in the erosion of X65 carbon steel using acoustic emission technique. Tribology International Journal. Volume 65. pp. 161-170. 2013.3.llkpai J.I.; Barker R.: Hu X.; Neville A.; An in-situ investigation of Thesis 200564637 finalflow-induced corrosion and erosion-corrosion degradation of X65 pipeline materials using combined acoustic emission and electrochemical techniques. CO
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RROSION/2013 paper no. 2305, NACE International Conference. Orlando. FL 2013.4.Ukpai J.I.; Barker R.; Neville A.. A combined electrochemical and acousiErosion-Corrosion Characterisation for Pipeline Materials Using Combined Acoustic Emission and Electrochemical MonitoringbyJonathan Item UkpaiSubmitt Thesis 200564637 finaltional Conference. San Antonio. TX. 2014.All the work in the papers mentioned above is a contribution of the candidate, under the supervision of the co-authors.This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it IS copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published withou Thesis 200564637 finalt proper acknowledgement.The nght of Jonathan I. Ukpai to be identified as Author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyrig
ve support.I am very grateful to all the people who made enormous sacrifices of their time, energy, and resources to make this project possible. I wiliErosion-Corrosion Characterisation for Pipeline Materials Using Combined Acoustic Emission and Electrochemical MonitoringbyJonathan Item UkpaiSubmitt Thesis 200564637 finale, patience and understanding throughout the period of the PhD study. I promise to compensate you all for the fatherly love and care I denied you during my late night research activities. I also thank my late father. Omezue (Chief) Ukpai Item (who did not live to see the end of this project) and Mot Thesis 200564637 finalher. Mrs. Ugo Ukpai for their prayers and parental support.The staff and management of Petroleum Technology Development Fund (PTDF), Abuja. Nigeria. I
Thesis 200564637 final
cannot thank you enough for paying my tuition fees and maintenance allowance for three years in United Kingdom All I have to say to you is. please doiErosion-Corrosion Characterisation for Pipeline Materials Using Combined Acoustic Emission and Electrochemical MonitoringbyJonathan Item UkpaiSubmitt Thesis 200564637 finalon (NBTE), Kaduna. Nigeria for all their support.Above all. I say a big thank you to God almighty, for His grace, provisions, protection, good health and mercies throughout the period of this research. To Him alone I give all the glory.iiAbstractThe prediction and monitoring of erosion and erosion-c Thesis 200564637 finalorrosion attack on oil and gas pipeline materials in service is useful for facilities design, material selection and maintenance planning so as to pre
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dict material performance accurately, operate safely, and prevent unplanned production outages. Conventional methods such as failure records, visual iiErosion-Corrosion Characterisation for Pipeline Materials Using Combined Acoustic Emission and Electrochemical MonitoringbyJonathan Item UkpaiSubmitt Thesis 200564637 finalcurred.To improve on this, the acoustic emission (AE) technique combined with electrochemical monitoring was chosen and implemented in this study to investigate and characterize erosion and erosion-corrosion degradation rates of oil and gas pipeline materials (X65) under Submerged Impinging Jet (SIJ Thesis 200564637 final) systems in a saturated CO2 environment. Measured acoustic emission energy was correlated with the mass loss from gravimetric measurement for differe
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nt flow velocities and sand loadings Sand particle impacts were quantified and compared with theoretical predictions, and the associated impact energiiErosion-Corrosion Characterisation for Pipeline Materials Using Combined Acoustic Emission and Electrochemical MonitoringbyJonathan Item UkpaiSubmitt Thesis 200564637 finalion and electrochemical monitoring (involving Linear Polarisation Resistance (LPR) and Electrochemical Impedance spectroscopy (EIS)) helped to simultaneously investigate the surface reactivity of the corroding materials as well as capture the sand impacts contribution during the erosion-corrosion de Thesis 200564637 finalgradation processes. Results reveal that the effect of the mechanical damage which is not sensed by in-situ electrochemical measurement is adequately
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captured by the AE method, thus making the combined technique a novel approach for in-situ monitoring of both the electrochemical and mechanical damagiErosion-Corrosion Characterisation for Pipeline Materials Using Combined Acoustic Emission and Electrochemical MonitoringbyJonathan Item UkpaiSubmittiErosion-Corrosion Characterisation for Pipeline Materials Using Combined Acoustic Emission and Electrochemical MonitoringbyJonathan Item UkpaiSubmitt